Author：Li Xiaofeng, Liu Fang and Yang Xueying
Development is the basis and key to solve all the current problems in our country.。Under the new situation of accelerating digital transformation of the global economy，Give full play to the multiplier of new infrastructure investment and the compound effect of innovation drive，Promote the steady development of new highway transportation infrastructure in China，For expanding effective investment、It is of great significance to stabilize the economic market.。In the process of promoting new infrastructure investment，Government regulation and market mechanism should be properly handled、Promote increment and optimize stock、The relationship between pilot demonstration and comprehensive promotion。
The multiplier effect of new transportation infrastructure investment is more obvious.
The effectiveness of new infrastructure investment in highway transportation is obvious.。On the occasion of the introduction of a package of investment policies to stabilize the economic market，The state has repeatedly stressed that investment to stimulate economic growth must be effective investment.，This is an important lesson drawn from the evaluation of the effects of domestic and foreign economic growth policies.。Market is the basic criterion to test the effectiveness of investment.，Whether an investment is an effective investment mainly depends on whether the investment can effectively meet the consumption needs of users.。Effective investment is generally consistent with the quality and quantity of consumer demand.，On the contrary, it is ineffective investment.。This can be derived from the analysis of the internal mechanism of investment-driven economic growth.。Macroeconomics holds that economic operation revolves around aggregate supply and aggregate demand.，At the same time, supply revolves around demand.，So，Aggregate demand is the driving force of economic growth.。Aggregate demand consists of investment、Consumption、Exit“Troika”Composition，Together, they constitute the driving force for economic growth.。Among，Consumption is the ultimate demand.，Investment and export belong to the demand caused by consumption demand.，Its ultimate goal is to meet consumer demand.。In that sense.，Investment supply without consumption demand is essentially ineffective supply.。From the perspective of demand-side evolution law，With the development of digital economy,，In recent years, the digital characteristics of consumer demand behavior have become increasingly evident.，It represents the evolution trend and iteration characteristics of consumption structure.，Online consumption、Fingertip economy has penetrated into all areas of social life, such as clothing, food, housing and transportation.。People's transportation and logistics needs are increasingly integrated into the digital economy.，The accelerated development of network booking travel and network freight transportation vividly illustrates this point.。Adapt to this，On the supply side, the transportation industry and the digital economy are moving towards deep integration.。At the end of the car，Accelerating research and development of intelligent network automobile and automatic driving technology，Vehicle electronization、The level of informatization has been revolutionarily improved.。At the end of the road，Through the intermediary role of collaborative Vehicle infrastructure technology，Digitalization of infrastructure、Networking、Intelligent upgrade is on the agenda，The new infrastructure of highway comes into being.。So，The new infrastructure investment of highway transportation conforms to the development trend of digitalization of transportation demand.，It is an effective investment that can match the digital needs of users.。
The new infrastructure of highway transportation has the distinct characteristics of innovation drive.。Innovation is the first driving force for development.，It is at the core of the overall modernization drive.。New infrastructure is the infrastructure construction at the end of science and technology.，Innovation drive is its distinct feature.。According to the authoritative definition of the National Development and Reform Commission，“New infrastructure”That is, new infrastructure construction.，It is guided by the new development concept.，Driven by technological innovation，Based on information network，Facing the needs of high-quality development，Deliver digital transformation、Smart upgrade、Infrastructure system integrating innovation and other services，It mainly includes information infrastructure construction.、Integration of infrastructure construction、Three aspects of innovative infrastructure construction。The new infrastructure of highway transportation mainly focuses on the integration of infrastructure.，Its core connotation is to enable traditional highway engineering infrastructure through a new generation of information technology.，Let's digitize、Networking、Intelligence has become an important feature of transportation infrastructure.。So，The new infrastructure of highway transportation has the characteristics of traditional infrastructure.，At the same time, it has high technology content.、Emerging industries with high added value。In fact，Highway transportation infrastructure has always been the main field of information technology application.。Three systems of domestic expressway mechanical and electrical engineering——“Monitoring System”“Charging system”“Communication system”It is mainly built on information technology.。In the application of new generation information technology，As early as 1999, Japan put forward the Intelligent Road Research Program.，In 2009, in response to the impact of the financial crisis，It has been implementedITSInformation Exchange Facility Plan，Through the installation of DSRC along the expressway.（DSRC）Roadside equipment for Vehicle-road information communication，It greatly improves the level of traffic safety and traffic capacity.。France has proposed“Fifth Generation Highway”Concept，Its main characteristics are the improvement of automation level and the strong resilience to adapt to climate change.，The way to realize it is mainly through the application of information technology.。From these foreign experiences,，The new road infrastructure of the future will not be a simple civil engineering construction.，It is an infrastructure characterized by technological innovation.。
The multiplier effect of new infrastructure investment in highway transportation is obvious.。On the one hand, the stabilizing effect of traditional infrastructure investment on economic growth is reflected in the creation of employment opportunities and national income by the construction itself.；On the other hand, it creates market demand for upstream and downstream industries.，And then drive its development.，Converted into national income。National income after savings，The rest is converted into consumption.，It will also generate new income.，And so on and so forth，It will form a multiplier effect of national income.，Macroeconomics calls it“Multiplier effect”。The industrial chain of transportation infrastructure construction is long.，Yeah, building materials、Mechanics、Manpower and other industries have a strong demand-driven effect.。Studies have shown that，Every 1 yuan invested in infrastructure construction，It will stimulate the investment of 7 yuan in related industries.。
The new infrastructure of highway transportation still belongs to the category of infrastructure.，Of course, there will be a multiplier effect on its investment.。But，Compared with traditional infrastructure，The investment effect of new transportation infrastructure is more obvious.。On the one hand, this is reflected in traffic data collection.、Transmission、Processing、The iteration frequency of processing technology is high.，It will inevitably generate continuous investment demand for maintenance, operation and transformation.；On the other hand, the development of traffic information technology has greatly reduced the search for information.、Identification、Transmission、Response costs，Obstacles caused by insufficient and asymmetric information have been significantly reduced.，As a result, the transaction cost of the whole society is greatly reduced.，It creates more favorable conditions for the development of economic activities.，Inevitably drive economic development。On the investment multiplier effect of new transportation infrastructure，As far as the intelligent transformation of expressway is concerned,，Its construction cost per kilometer is about 20 million yuan.，It mainly includes roadside units. （RSU，Road Side Unit）、Edge computing、Sensory computing devices such as cameras and 5GCommunication equipment such as base stations and data Processing Equipment such as cloud control platforms.。
Three major relationships need to be dealt with to promote the new infrastructure of highway transportation
The relationship between government regulation and market mechanism。The new infrastructure of highway traffic is mainly through the roadside.（Mainly rely on roadside unit）、Clouds（Mainly rely on cloud control platform）Install information equipment to achieve。Theoretically，These devices are part of the road appurtenances，For any vehicle equipped with vehicle-road coordination equipment，The corresponding public information service can be obtained through information interaction without exclusion.。In the exclusive case，The investment can be recovered through commercial application.。So，These devices generally belong to the category of quasi-public goods.，That is to say, it has both public welfare and market operation.，It can be invested by the government or by the main body of the market.。The specific investment subject can be determined according to the highway attribute.，Non-tollway with outstanding public welfare should be invested by the government.，For tollway, we can takePPPThe model is completed by introducing social capital.，Especially for some equipment，Uch as 5GBase station, etc，At present, it is mainly deployed by the operators themselves.，It is more suitable to adopt a market-oriented approach to construction.。
The relationship between promoting increment and optimizing stock。Synchronized planning of new transportation projects、Synchronous design、Synchronous construction、Synchronized operation of new infrastructure equipment，Realize the informatization of traditional facilities、Digitalization is driving economic growth.、An important way to promote industrial upgrading。Intelligent upgrading of stock infrastructure，It can effectively improve traffic capacity.、And that safety accident are reduced、Alleviate traffic pollution。So，In the selection of projects, the relationship between increment and stock should be coordinated.，Strengthen the transformation of existing projects in busy traffic areas。
The relationship between pilot demonstration and comprehensive promotion。New transport infrastructure represents the future direction of transport development，Therefore, various pilot projects have been actively carried out in various places.。These pilot works，It has important reference value for exploring the development mode of new transportation infrastructure in China.。At the same time，We should also see that the amount of investment in new infrastructure is large.、Technology iteration is fast，At present, the commercial landing application of intelligent network vehicles as clients is far from being carried out in a large area.，Massive investment is still difficult to form practical benefits in the short term.，And is prone to waste due to technology iteration.。So，At present, we should give priority to pilot promotion.，After a more mature and feasible technology is formed, it will be popularized and applied in an all-round way.。Draw lessons from the promotion and application of new technologies，Urgent need to avoid not proceeding from the actual situation everywhere“Rush headlong into mass action”Impulse，Only through active and steady pilot exploration can we go steadily and far.。
The author's unit is the Scientific Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport.
