Shi Bingqian, trainee reporter of Dahe Finance Cube
14:00 local time, February 26, France，Accompanied by the rotation of the cutter head and the roar of rock breaking.，China Railway Equipment Development“China Railway 777”The cutter head of the Shield Machine broke through the wall smoothly，Successfully helped the Paris Metro Line 16 run through the whole line。This is another time for China's Shield Machine in the world.“Punch in”。
Shield Machine，Be called“King of Construction Machinery”，It is a veritable heavy weapon of great power.。On the railroad、West-East Gas Transmission Project、The South-to-North Water Diversion Project plays an important role in infrastructure construction.“Steel pangolin”The role of。With more than 20 years of exploration and development in China,，Domestic shield machine has gradually come to the forefront of the world.，Become a shining business card of China's high-end equipment manufacturing industry。
This year's two sessions，NPC deputies、Wang Dujuan, chief engineer of China Railway Industry and chief expert of China Railway Equipment, brought two suggestions around the high-quality development of manufacturing industry.，One is about strengthening patent protection.，Suggestions on Promoting Patent Rights Protection；Second, suggestions on promoting the elimination and withdrawal of old equipment in the construction machinery industry。
It is suggested to strengthen patent protection and transformation.
Improve the withdrawal mechanism of old equipment
Science and technology are the primary productive forces.，Intellectual property protection is the top priority in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological productive forces at a high level.。In recent years，The atmosphere of scientific and technological innovation in China is becoming stronger and stronger.，Independent innovation and original innovation are valued.，How to better protect intellectual property rights，It is highly regarded by enterprises、Scientific research institutes and researchers are concerned.。
On the occasion of the National Two Sessions in 2024，Wang Dujuan put forward suggestions focusing on the protection and transformation of intellectual property rights.。
In Wang Dujuan's opinion，At present, intellectual property protection in the field of engineering mainly exists.“It is difficult to safeguard rights”And“Conversion is difficult”Two big questions。
Wang Dujuan said，At“It is difficult to safeguard rights”Aspect，Due to the complex structure of large and complex mechanical equipment,、Long production cycle，Therefore, when the technology developed by enterprises is stolen,，The litigation cycle is often longer.。As a result, some cases may not be heard yet.，The phenomenon that the infringing product project has been completed or more than one project has been completed。The plaintiff enterprise may be faced with“Won the case，Lost the market”“Won the case，Lost the benefit”Wait for an awkward situation。To a certain extent, this has seriously undermined the enthusiasm of enterprises in invention and patent protection.。
At “Conversion is difficult”Aspect，At present, intellectual property rights in many universities are only used to support the acceptance of scientific research achievements.、Selection of various awards, etc.，The conversion rate is generally low.。For example, the conversion rate of intellectual property rights in some industries is less than 5% for a long time%，The global average conversion rate is 10%，Therefore, it is urgent to improve the conversion rate of intellectual property rights to better support independent innovation.。
In view of the above problems，Wang Dujuan suggested，First, in the actual trial of intellectual property cases.，Based more on the ability to prove，Flexible allocation of burden of proof，Appropriately shorten the trial cycle of patent infringement cases，Reduce the time cost and market loss of patent protection，Make everyone“Willing to innovate、Able to defend rights”。
Secondly, it is suggested that some colleges and universities implement the system of intellectual property rights transformation income investigation and analysis.，Promote its good practices in universities and high-tech enterprises.，For example, the system of identifying the actual property owner、The income system can make more feasible provisions by drawing the benefit commission year by year.，It is gradually institutionalized and even written into the law in subsequent amendments.。
In addition，The problem of global energy shortage and environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious.，A large number of old construction machinery and equipment have high energy consumption.、Environmental pollution and other problems，This year, Wang Dujuan also made suggestions on promoting the elimination and withdrawal of old equipment in the construction machinery industry.。She suggested that multiple departments could jointly establish emission and service life standards for construction machinery.，Improve the registration system of in-service construction machinery，Classify and classify the construction machinery in stock，And promulgate corresponding regulations.，Phase out the old equipment that does not meet the standard。
“Underground dragon”Full bloom
Technological Change Helps Multi-Scenario Applications
January 2024，The world's largest cross-section combined rectangular shield pipe jacking machine developed by China Railway Equipment“Dayu·Digging number”The double-track excavation task was successfully completed at Shasan Station, Phase II of Shenzhen Metro Line 12.。
It is understood that，This one is 11 wide..29 meters、High 13.The 55-meter rectangular pipe jacking machine is the largest rectangular shield pipe jacking machine in the world at present.。
“This project is the first time in the world to successfully use super-large section machinery to excavate the subway station.，It is of revolutionary significance for the construction of urban subway stations.。”Wang Dujuan told Dahe Finance Cube reporter.。
Along with the manufacturing technology、Systematic innovation such as construction technology，Have“Underground dragon”The so-called shield machine can not only be used for subway tunnel excavation.，And it can cross mountains and seas，It makes many seemingly impossible things possible in underground engineering construction.。
“Now the shield machine can not only hit horizontally.，You can still hit it vertically.，It can not only climb at a large inclination angle,，It can also make small turns and dig like an earthworm.，And it is constantly moving towards intelligence.、Unmanned、Develop in the direction of greening。”Wang Dujuan said。
A shield machine has tens of thousands of parts.，Behind this is a complete industrial chain.，Involving thousands of enterprises。
“As an industrial chain‘Chain length’，On the one hand, China Railway Equipment plays an active role.‘Chain length’Traction and driving role of enterprises，Around the shield industry chain、Supply chain，Precise layout innovation chain，Join hands with nearly 1000 upstream and downstream partners to carry out collaborative innovation of shield key components technology；On the other hand, with Tsinghua University、Zhejiang University and other universities，Carry out research on basic theory and common technology of shield，The formation includes the government、Advantage colleges and universities、A collaborative innovation system combining government, industry, education and research, including upstream and downstream enterprises.。”Wang Dujuan said。
According to Wang Dujuan，Through collaborative innovation，At present, China Railway Equipment has broken through the main bearing of shield in turn.、Seal、Key technologies of a series of core components such as frequency converter，Increase the localization rate of shield machine parts to 90%Above。
Polish the business card of going to sea
Contribute to China's plan for tunnel construction in the world
According to public information，China Railway Equipment is a subsidiary of China Railway Group Limited.，Specializing in Tunnel Boring Machine（Shield machine andTBM）R & D, manufacturing and technical services。2009，China Railway to accelerate the pace of shield industrialization，China Railway Tunnel Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. was officially established in December of that year.（It is now China Railway Equipment），Opening the prelude of China's shield industrialization。
Nowadays ，China Railway Equipment has not only become the leading enterprise in the shield machine industry in China.，It also undertakes the mission of shield machine going to sea.，Let“Ethnic”Increasingly“Of the world”。
“Ten shield machines，Seven made in China”，This is a true portrayal of the global shield machine industry.。
From the introduction、Digestion、Absorption and then independent innovation，China Railway Equipment has completed the industry.“Chaser”“Parallel runner”To the part“Frontrunner”A change of role，Domestic shield machine has become a shining business card for Chinese manufacturing to go to sea。
As the chief expert of China Railway Equipment，Wang Dujuan has been working in the field of shield machine for more than 20 years.，It has witnessed the development of China's shield machine industry.，More than 1500 sets of shield equipment have been designed。
2008，Wang Dujuan led the team to develop the first composite earth pressure balance shield machine with independent intellectual property rights.——China Railway No.1。2012，Domestic shield machine exported to Malaysia for the first time，Since then, domestic shield machines have frequently appeared in the world.，Already in Italy、Poland、Singapore、Put into use in Germany and other regions。
According to Wang Dujuan，By the end of 2023，China's shield machine accounts for 70% of the global market share.，Among them, the production and sales of shield machines equipped by China Railway ranked first in the world for six consecutive years.。So far，China Railway Shield Orders Have Exceeded 1600 Units，Export to more than 30 countries and regions，Especially in Europe, it has become the representative of Chinese brands.。
“Next step，We will continue to increase investment.，Strengthen innovation，On the one hand, efforts should be intensified in basic research.，On the other hand, it should be informationized.、Intelligent、New rock breaking methods and other cutting-edge technologies to speed up the pace.，Seize the commanding heights of the world's Roadheader technology，Promote the high-end equipment manufacturing industry.、Intelligent、Green development，Contribute more Chinese schemes to the construction of tunnels in the world、Chinese wisdom。”Wang Dujuan said。
